Independence Square, often called Black Star Square, is the great ceremonial space of the Ghanaian state. Kwame Nkrumah commissioned it after independence and it was completed in 1961, in time for the parades that welcomed Queen Elizabeth II that year. Today it is the main venue for national parades, concerts and festivals, and the Independence Day parade on 6 March is its most important annual event. On the southern side, backed by the Gulf of Guinea, stands the Independence Arch, and opposite it a memorial honours the Unknown Soldier. Large stands around the square can seat about 30,000 people. North of the main space, in the middle of a roundabout, the Black Star Gate is topped with the Black Star of Africa and carries the inscriptions Freedom and Justice and 1957. The black star appears on Ghana’s flag and has become a symbol of African liberation. It is free to look at, and best combined with the nearby Nkrumah memorial and Osu.
What to expect: the square is a huge open expanse of paving between 28th February Road and the coast, so there is little shade and not much to do beyond walking, looking and taking photographs. Soldiers guard the Independence Arch, and visitors are not allowed to take close-up photographs of it without permission, although the surrounding area is fine to photograph. Respect any instructions from the guards.
Events and timing: the square is closed or crowded during major events, especially the 6 March Independence Day parade and rehearsals before it, as well as concerts and religious gatherings. Outside those dates it is usually calm and accessible, but access arrangements can change, so ask your hotel or driver before setting out. Early morning and late afternoon are the most comfortable times, with softer light for photos. The sea breeze helps, but bring a hat and water.
Getting there: the square is within a short drive of the Ridge and Osu hotels, and some are even within walking distance in cool hours. The Kwame Nkrumah Memorial Park, Osu Castle and the National Theatre are all close, so the square slots neatly into a half-day of independence-era sights. The tourism authority’s page gives the background, and a local guide can explain the symbolism of each monument in a few minutes if you want more than the photographs.
What to expect
The experience
A self-guided look at the arch, the Unknown Soldier memorial and the Black Star Gate on a vast open parade ground beside the sea.
Best time
Early morning or late afternoon, when it is cooler and the light is better for photographs.
How long
Thirty to sixty minutes, including photo stops.
Tips
Do not photograph the guarded arch up close without permission, bring a hat and water, and avoid parade and rehearsal days around 6 March.
Quick picks
- Best for
- First-time visitors who want an easy, free landmark that explains Ghana’s independence symbolism.
- Families
- Lots of open space for children to move around, though there is little shade.
- Couples
- A good place for a sunset stroll with the sea breeze, followed by dinner in nearby Osu.
- Pair with
- Kwame Nkrumah Memorial Park, Osu Castle and the National Theatre.
- Time needed
- Half an hour to an hour.
Good questions
Why is it called Black Star Square?+
The black star is the symbol of African freedom that appears on Ghana’s flag. The Black Star Gate on the northern side is topped with the star, which is why the whole square carries that name.
When was Independence Square built?+
It was commissioned by Kwame Nkrumah after independence and completed in 1961. It hosted parades for Queen Elizabeth II’s visit that year.
Is Independence Square free to visit?+
Yes, it is a public square and there is no entry fee. Access can be restricted around major events and parades.
Can I photograph the Independence Arch?+
Soldiers guard the arch and do not allow close-up photographs without permission. You can photograph the wider square and the surrounding area.
What is the main event held there?+
The Independence Day parade on 6 March is the most important annual event. The square also hosts concerts, festivals and national gatherings.