The old royal square of the Malla kings, a crowded stage of pagoda temples, carved windows and the palace courtyards of Hanuman Dhoka. It is the historic heart of Kathmandu and the natural first stop for a first visit, best seen with a guide who can explain what you are looking at.

A whitewashed stupa crowned with the watchful eyes of the Buddha on a hill west of the city, with prayer wheels, shrines and mischievous macaques. The climb is rewarded by one of the best views over the Kathmandu Valley, and on a clear day the Himalaya rise beyond it.

Across the river in Lalitpur, Patan's royal square is the most beautifully composed of the valley's three, with stone and brick temples, carved windows and the superb Patan Museum in the old palace. It is quieter and more artistic than Kathmandu, and a short ride from the centre.

A medieval Newar city east of Kathmandu where brick lanes, potters' squares and the five-storey Nyatapola temple feel remarkably intact. It has the valley's most atmospheric old-town streets, so give it a half day or more rather than a quick stop.
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One of the largest stupas in the world, ringed by Tibetan shops, monasteries and pilgrims walking their daily kora. It is a peaceful, photogenic place, best at dawn or dusk when butter lamps glow, and an easy first taste of Himalayan Buddhism.
Nepal's holiest Hindu site, a riverside complex of golden-roofed temples, ghats and ashrams on the Bagmati. It is intense, deeply religious and unforgettable, so go with a guide, respect the rituals and treat it as a place of worship rather than a spectacle.

An hour-long scenic flight from Kathmandu that takes you along the Himalaya to see Everest and its neighbors from a window seat. It is the easiest way to see the world's highest peaks without trekking, and autumn mornings, including November, offer some of the clearest skies.
A pre-dawn drive to a ridge east of the valley for a sunrise over the Himalaya, followed by an easy downhill walk through villages to the ancient Changu Narayan temple. It is the classic short escape from Kathmandu and one of the best days out for views.

A day hike into Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park on the northern rim of the valley, with forest trails, monasteries and sweeping views over Kathmandu. It is the easiest escape from the city's noise for anyone who wants to walk rather than drive.
A cable car from the edge of the valley up to Chandragiri Hills, where a temple and viewpoints look over Kathmandu and, on clear days, a long Himalayan skyline. It is the easiest way to get mountain air and views, and works well with Swayambhunath on the same trip.